Tag Archives: troops

Marine who died after cross-state chase wrote of war stress


Marine who died after cross-state chase wrote of war stress

By ARTHUR H. ROTSTEIN, Associated Press Writer

Last month, Marine Staff Sgt. Travis N. “T-Bo” Twiggs went to the White House with a group of Iraq war veterans called the Wounded Warriors Regiment and met the president.

Twiggs had been through four tours in Iraq, one in Afghanistan and months of therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in which he said he was on up to 12 different medications.

“He said, `Sir, I’ve served over there many times, and I would serve for you any time,’ and he grabbed the president and gave him a big hug,” said Kellee Twiggs, his widow.

About two weeks later, Travis Twiggs went absent without leave from his job in Quantico, Va.

He and his brother drove to the Grand Canyon, where their car was found hanging in a tree in what appeared to be a failed attempt to drive into the chasm.

The brothers carjacked a vehicle at the park Monday. Two days later they were at a southwestern Arizona border checkpoint, and took off when they were asked to pull into a secondary inspection area, Border Patrol spokesman Michael Bernacke said.

Eighty miles later, the car was on the Tohono O’odham reservation, its tires wrecked by spike strips.

As tribal police and Border Patrol agents closed in, Twiggs, 36, apparently fatally shot his 38-year-old brother, Willard J. “Will” Twiggs, then killed himself.

Pinal County Sheriff’s spokesman Mike Minter said no motive has been established. But Kellee Twiggs said the decorated Marine would still be alive if the military had given him enough help.

“All this violent behavior, him killing his brother, that was not my husband. If the PTSD would have been handled in a correct manner, none of this would have happened,” she said in a telephone interview from Stafford, Va.

Travis Twiggs, who enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1993 and held the combat action ribbon, wrote about his efforts to deal with post-traumatic stress disorder in the January issue of the Marine Corps Gazette.

The symptoms would disappear when he began each tour, he said, but came back stronger than ever when he came home.

He wrote that his life began to “spiral downward” after the tour in which two Marines from his platoon died.

“I cannot describe what a leader feels when he does not bring everyone home,” he wrote. “To make matters even worse, I arrived at the welcome home site only to find that those two Marines’ families were waiting to greet me as well. I remember thinking, ‘Why are they here?’”

Weeks later, Twiggs “saw a physician’s assistant who said that was the severest case of PTSD she’d seen in her life,” his widow said.

He began receiving treatment, but the Marine wrote that he mixed his medications with alcohol and that his symptoms didn’t go away until he started his final tour in Iraq.

When he came home, “All of my symptoms were back, and now I was in the process of destroying my family,” he wrote. “My only regrets are how I let my command down after they had put so much trust in me and how I let my family down by pushing them away.”

Kellee Twiggs said her husband was “very, very different, angry, agitated, isolated and so forth,” upon his return. “He was just doing crazy things.”

She said her husband was treated in the psychiatric ward of Bethesda Naval Medical Center and then sent to a Veterans Administration facility for four months.

Most recently, Travis Twiggs was assigned to the Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory at Quantico, a job he said helped him “get my life back on track.”

“Every day is a better day now,” he wrote in the Marine Corps Gazette. “…Looking back, I don’t believe anyone is to blame for my craziness, but I do think we can do better.”

Twiggs urged others suffering from similar problems to seek help. “PTSD is not a weakness. It is a normal reaction to a very violent situation,” he wrote.

Kellee Twiggs said she can’t understand why her husband was not sent to a specialized PTSD clinic in New Jersey.

“They let him out. He was OK for a while and then it all started over again,” she said.

A spokesman at Quantico, 1st Lt. Brian Donnelly, said the Corps is committed to providing full medical, psychological and social support to anyone with a combat-related injury, including PTSD.

“Our leaders are trained to be alert for signs of PTSD in their Marines and to provide a supportive climate in which Marines can feel comfortable seeking help,” Donnelly said.

One lingering mystery in Twiggs’ case is his older brother. Kellee Twiggs said she thinks the Louisiana man joined her husband in driving west “because T-Bo was hurting so bad and for so long that Will’s life was a little in chaos.”

“For them to both drive off into the Grand Canyon, they both apparently wanted to end their lives,” she said.

Kellee Twiggs said “something needs to be fixed” in treating soldiers coming home from combat with PTSD.

“These boys and girls coming back, they need help, things need to be changed, and they don’t need to be made to feel weak for asking for help,” she said.

Gulf War illness linked to chemical exposure


Gulf War illness linked to chemical exposure

By Julie Steenhuysen

Exposure to pesticides, nerve agents and other chemicals may explain the chronic, multi-symptom health problems experienced by up to one-third of Gulf War veterans, U.S. researchers said on Monday.

They said an analysis of a host of studies offers compelling evidence that the fatigue, muscle or joint pain, memory and sleep problems, rashes and breathing troubles experienced by these veterans are due to chemicals known as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphates, which includes nerve gas.

“Convergent evidence now strongly links a class of chemicals — acetylcholinesterase inhibitors — to illness in Gulf War veterans,” Dr. Beatrice Golomb of the University of California, San Diego, said in e-mailed comments.

She said some of the chemicals linked to these illnesses continue to be used in agriculture, and in homes and offices for pest control in the United States and throughout the world.

Golomb’s prior research found that pills known as carbamate pyridostigmine bromide were given to service members to protect against exposure to nerve agents — a practice that has since been discontinued.

For the latest study, Golomb combed through several studies linking Gulf War veterans’ symptoms with all of the chemicals. She found that returning Gulf War veterans who had been exposed to chemicals suffered multi-symptom complaints at a higher rate than those who were not deployed, or who were deployed elsewhere.

“Evidence, taken together, provides a case for causal connection of carbamate, organophosphates and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor exposure to illness in Gulf War Veterans,” Golomb wrote in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

She also found a link between the amount of exposure to the chemicals and how common symptoms were in these veterans.

Golomb believes genetic variants make some people more susceptible to such chemicals, and when exposed, these people had a higher risk of illness.

“A lot of attention has gone to psychological factors in illness in Gulf War veterans,” Golomb said. But she said the ground conflict in the Gulf War lasted only four days, unlike the current conflict.

“Psychological stressors are inadequate to account for the excess illness seen,” she said.

She said this knowledge should help protect troops from such problems arising in the future. Her team is also looking at ways to mitigate symptoms in Gulf War veterans.

The study is available online at http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0711986105.

(Editing by Maggie Fox and Jackie Frank)

Water makes US troops in Iraq sick


AP: Water makes US troops in Iraq sick

By LARRY MARGASAK, Associated Press WriterSun Mar 9, 11:38 AM ET

Dozens of U.S. troops in Iraq fell sick at bases using “unmonitored and potentially unsafe” water supplied by the military and a contractor once owned by Vice President Dick Cheney’s former company, the Pentagon’s internal watchdog says.

A report obtained by The Associated Press said soldiers experienced skin abscesses, cellulitis, skin infections, diarrhea and other illnesses after using discolored, smelly water for personal hygiene and laundry at five U.S. military sites in Iraq.

The Defense Department’s inspector general’s report, which could be released as early as Monday, found water quality problems between March 2004 and February 2006 at three sites run by contractor KBR Inc., and between January 2004 and December 2006 at two military-operated locations.

It was impossible to link the dirty water definitively to all the illnesses, according to the report. But it said KBR’s water quality “was not maintained in accordance with field water sanitary standards” and the military-run sites “were not performing all required quality control tests.”

The report said KBR took corrective steps and was providing adequate water quality by November 2006. But military units at the two sites they controlled were still failing to perform required quality control tests and maintain appropriate records by that time.

“Therefore, water suppliers exposed U.S. forces to unmonitored and potentially unsafe water,” at the military sites by late 2006, the report said.

The problems did not extend to troops’ drinking water, but rather to water used for washing, bathing, shaving and cleaning. Water used for hygiene and laundry must meet minimum safety standards under military regulations because of the potential for harmful exposure through the eyes, nose, mouth, cuts and wounds.

The KBR sites were Camp Ar Ramadi, Camp Q-West and Camp Victory. The military sites were Logistics Support Area Anaconda and Camp Ali.

The inspector general’s study confirmed AP reports on the contaminated water in early 2006 and provided additional details on the scope of the problem at the Iraq bases. In January that year, interviews and internal company documents disclosed the problems at Ar Ramadi and showed that KBR employees could not get the company to inform base residents.

Halliburton Co., then KBR’s parent company, disputed the allegations even though they were made by its own employees and documented in company e-mails. In March 2006, the AP obtained an internal Halliburton report that, in one instance, the company missed contamination that could have caused “mass sickness or death” at Ar Ramadi.

The report said the event at Ar Ramadi could have been prevented if KBR’s reverse osmosis units on the site had been assembled, instead of relying on the military’s water production facilities.

Halliburton is the oil services conglomerate that Cheney once led. Congressional Democrats long have complained that KBR has benefited from its former ties to Cheney.

KBR, responding to the inspector general’s report, said its water treatment “has met or exceeded all applicable military and contract standards.” The company took exception to many of the inspector general’s assertions. “KBR’s commitment to the safety of all of its employees remains unwavering,” the company said in a statement to the AP.

KBR provided water treatment to U.S. troops under a large-scale defense contract that also included housing and food to soldiers in Iraq, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Djbouti and Georgia.

The military has “taken the appropriate measures to correct the problem and ensure we provide the appropriate oversight of the system,” said Navy Capt. James Graybeal of the U.S. Central Command, which oversees U.S. troops in the Middle East.

North Dakota Sen. Byron Dorgan, who has led Democratic inquiries into contracting abuses in Iraq, said the inspector general has backed up what those earlier hearings uncovered. “KBR was not doing its job” and U.S. forces had water that did not meet Army standards, Dorgan said.

“I think it’s outrageous that KBR tried to deny that there was a problem, especially when it turned out that there were dozens of U.S. troops reporting water-related illnesses,” he said.

The inspector general investigated the 2006 reports at Dorgan’s request.

The inspector general’s report said some troops noticed problems with the water. Between October 2004 and May 2005, troops at Camp Ar Ramadi said bathwater was discolored and had an unusual odor. The report said KBR failed to treat the nonpotable water and monitor water quality during the same period.

At Camp Q-West, KBR inappropriately delivered chlorinated wastewater for showers and latrines without informing military preventive medicine officials, the report said. “KBR did not monitor or record the quality of water at point-of-use containers before April 2006, even though the … contract required the company to do so,” the report added.

Medical records for troops at Camp Q-West indicated 38 cases of illnesses commonly attributed to problem water. These include skin abscesses, cellulitis, skin infections and diarrhea. Doctors diagnosed 24 of the cases in January and February 2006, the same period when medical officials warned of a rise in bacterial infections at the base.

In addition, military medical records — tied to no particular base in Iraq — showed 26 cases of food and waterborne diseases, including hepatitis, giardiasis and typhoid fever.

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On the Net:

U.S. Central Command: http://www.centcom.mil/

KBR Inc.: http://www.kbr.com/